What is the purpose of the final drives in a crawler tractor?

The final drives in a crawler tractor primarily serve the purpose of reducing speed and increasing torque before the power reaches the tracks. This is crucial for the tractor's operation as it allows for better traction and enables the machine to handle heavy loads effectively. By decreasing speed, final drives ensure that the tractor can move at a controlled pace, which is essential when navigating through challenging terrains or when performing tasks that require precision, such as grading or plowing. The increase in torque is equally important, as it provides the necessary force to propel the heavy machinery forward, especially when starting from a standstill or moving uphill.

In contrast to other options, increasing speed before it reaches the tracks would not benefit the tractor's functionality, as crawler tractors need to operate at lower speeds to maintain stability and control. Eliminating the need for hydraulic fluid does not relate to the function of final drives, as hydraulic systems serve different roles in the overall operation of the machine. While enhancing maneuverability is important, it is not the primary function of final drives, which are more focused on speed reduction and torque multiplication.